This study compared ensiled sorghum (ES) from two varieties (first and second cuts) with corn silage (CS) for chemical analysis, total‐tract nutrient digestibility, ruminal variables and blood biochemistry metabolites in sheep. Five experimental silages representing first cut ES var. Pegah (PS1), second cut ES var. Pegah (PS2), first cut ES var. Speedfeed (SS1), second cut ES var. Speedfeed (SS2) and CS were assessed for chemical analysis, silage fermentation and anti‐quality compounds. Diets consisted of lucerne hay, silage and a premix (at the ratio of 53.5:46:0.5 on a dry matter [DM] basis). Feed consumption, total‐tract nutrient digestibility, microbial nitrogen supply (MNS), ruminal variables and blood biochemistry metabolites w

This study was conducted to assess the effect of nano-ZnO, compared to ZnO and Zn-methionine, on dry matter (DM) intake (DMI), performance, nutrient status, digestibility, rumen fermentation, microbial nitrogen (N) synthesis (MNS), blood enzymes, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in sheep. Thirty-six healthy male Shal sheep were divided into four experimental groups (n = 9) in a completely randomized design, and assessed for 40 days. The control animals received the basal diet without Zn supplementation, containing a native Zn content of 22.6 mg/kg DM. Other sheep were fed with the diets containing 28 mg supplementary Zn/kg DM in the form of ZnO, Zn-methionine or nano-ZnO. The DMI of sheep receiving

This study was conducted to assess the influence of dietary supplementation of nano Zn oxide (nZnO), compared to Zn oxide (ZnO), on performance, rumen fermentation, leukocytes, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), blood serum enzymes and minerals in the ewes. Thirty pregnant Khorasan-Kurdish ewes were assigned to one of the 3 experimental groups (10 replicates) in a randomised complete block design. The ewes received 1- control diet without supplementary Zn, containing 22.4 or 24.3 mg of Zn/kg dry matter (DM) for pre- and post-partum periods, respectively, 2- diet supplemented with ZnO (30 or 40 mg of supplementary Zn/kg DM for pre- and post-partum periods, respectively) or 3- diet supplemented with nZnO (30 or 40 mg of supplementary Zn/

The effect of feeding broccoli byproduct-wheat straw silage [BBWS; 69:31 ratio, dry matter (DM) basis] on performance, microbial N synthesis (MNS), rumen, and blood parameters in Fashandy lambs were evaluated. Three diets, with equal metabolizable energy and crude protein (CP) with a forage to concentrate ratio of 27:73 (DM basis), were formulated in which forage (lucerne and wheat straw) was replaced by BBWS (0, 100, or 200 g/kg of diet DM). These were assigned to three groups (n = 15/group) in a completely randomized block design for a 70-d period in which diets were offered as a total mixed ration. For each animal, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), in vivo apparent digestibility, MNS, N retention, rumen, and blo

Silages from four amaranth varieties (A5, A12, A14 and A28) were compared to corn silage (CS) in terms of their yield, chemical composition, phenolic compounds, oxalic acid and nitrate levels, silage fermentation characteristics, in vitro methane production, organic matter disappearance (OMD), microbial crude protein (MCP), ruminal ammonia (NH3-N), pH, volatile fatty acids, cellulolytic bacteria numbers, protozoa counts and in situ dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability were determined. Forages were harvested 93 days after planting, chopped and ensiled in plastic buckets for 60 days. The study was based on a randomized complete block design, and data were analyzed using SAS, GLM procedure. Compared to CS, amaranth sil

Aim of study: To evaluate the effect of maturity stage and harvesting frequency of Jerusalem artichoke (JA) forage on the nutritional quality of the tubers and forages. Area of study: The plant cultivation and laboratory experiments were carried out in Karaj (Alborz, Iran) and Tehran (Tehran, Iran), respectively. Material and methods: Forages were harvested every 60, 90 and 120 days during the growing season (four, three and two harvests per year, respectively). Tubers were harvested just once, at the end of the growing season, from plots with four, three and two forage cuts per year. Biomass production, chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of the forages and tubers were assessed. Main results: Compared to 90 and 120 days,

Effects of supplementing the basal diets with Mn, Zn and Cu, as sulphate, glycine or methionine salts, on colostrum and milk performance, some blood immunity indices and blood minerals of pre- and post-partum Holstein cows were accessed. Forty cows in different groups received 1) a diet without supplementary Mn, Zn and Cu (control), 2) a diet containing Mn, Zn and Cu sulphates, 3) a diet containing Mn, Zn and Cu glycine, or 4) a diet containing Mn, Zn and Cu methionine with 10 cows per group from d 60 before calving (dry period) to d 100 of lactation. Dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), colostrum and milk performance, milk somatic cell count (SCC), blood and milk total antioxidant capacity (TAC), immunoglobulin M (IgM)

Effect of supplementing organic complexes (compound with glycine glycine Subject Category: Chemicals and Chemical Groups

The effects of nano-ZnO on in vitro ruminal fermentation, methane release, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and microbial biomass production (MBP) were assessed using an in vitro gas production technique. Treatments included a control diet and diets containing 20, 40, or 60 mg of supplemental Zn per kg dry matter (DM) as ZnO or nano-ZnO. As a result of this study, supplementation of 20 mg of Zn as nano-ZnO, similar to ZnO, decreased methane production and protozoa enumeration but improved (P< 0.05) TAC, MBP, digestibility and truly degraded substrate (TDS). As compared with the control treatment, adding the supplementary Zn had no effect on partitioning factor, MBP efficiency, pH, or ammonia-N (P> 0.05). The diets containing 40 and 60 mg o

This study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding high-surface ZnO instead of common ZnO on the performance, rumen fermentation, blood minerals, leukocytes and antioxidant capacity of pre- and post-weaning calves. Thirty male suckling Holstein calves were allotted to one of three experimental groups (10 replicates) in a completely randomised design. Calves received: (1) a low Zn diet without Zn supplementation (control diet), (2) a high Zn diet containing 50 mg supplementary Zn/kg dry matter (DM) as common ZnO or (3) a high Zn diet containing 50 mg supplementary Zn/kg DM as high-surface ZnO (nano-ZnO). The control diet contained a native Zn content of 35.5, 34.7 or 33.7 mg/kg DM for the age periods of 7 to 30, 31 to 70 and 71 to 100?

The present study was conducted to determine the chemical composition of Echinophora sibthorpiana and Pulicaria dysenterica and the effect of dietary inclusions of these plants on in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters and digestibility. Chemical composition of the experimental plants was determined using standard methods and different levels of each plant were included in the diet. In vitro gas production technique was performed with seven treatments (control diet, diets containing 15, 30 or 45 percentage of Echinophora and diets containing 15, 30 or 45 percentage of Pulicaria) and three replicates. Results indicated that crude protein and organic matter digestibility (OMD) of Echinophora (10.4 and 61.8 percentage, respectively) were hig

Total mixed rations containing corn silage (CS) or forage sorghum silage (SS) were fed to mid-lactation Holstein cows to determine the effects on feed intake, lactation performance, milk composition and fatty acid profile, nutrient digestibility, blood metabolites, rumen microbial N synthesis, and antioxidant status. The experiment was designed as a 2-period change-over (two 28-d periods) trial with 2 diets including CS diet or SS diet and 12 cows. Total replacement of CS with SS had no significant influence on dry matter intake. Substituting CS with SS had no effect on milk production, feed efficiency, and milk concentrations of fat, protein, lactose, and solids-not-fat, whereas yields of milk fat, protein, and lactose were greater for cow